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GAL-101   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 14214

Synonyms: D-Trp-Aib [1] | GAL101 | MRZ-99030 [3]
Compound class: Peptide
Comment: GAL-101 (Galimedix Therapeutics) is a small bioactive peptide that reduces formation of neurotoxic amyloid β 1-42 (Aβ1-42) oligomers [1-3]. GAL-101 binds to aromatic residues in Aβ1-42 recognition interfaces during oligomer assembly and also breaks the protein's β strands [1]. This mechanism is proposed to reduce neuronal damage in Aβ-driven diseases.
2D Structure
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2D Structure

An image of the ligand's 2D structure. For small molecules with SMILES these are drawn using the NCI/CADD Chemical Identifier Resolver. Click on the image to access the chemical structure search tool with the ligand pre-loaded in the structure editor. For other types of ligands, e.g. longer nucleotides and peptides, a manually drawn representation of the molecule may be provided.

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SMILES / InChI / InChIKey
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SMILES / InChI / InChIKey

SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification) A specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. Canonical SMILES specify a unique representation of the 2D structure without chiral or isotopic specifications. Isomeric SMILES include chiral specification and isotopes.

Standard InChI (IUPAC International Chemical Identifier) and InChIKey InChI is a non-proprietary, standard, textual identifier for chemical substances designed to facilitate linking of information and database searching. An InChIKey is a simplified version of a full InChI, designed for easier web searching.

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)

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Canonical SMILES CC(C)(C(=O)O)NC(=O)C(CC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)N
Isomeric SMILES CC(C)(NC(=O)C(N)CC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)C(O)=O
InChI InChI=1S/C15H19N3O3/c1-15(2,14(20)21)18-13(19)11(16)7-9-8-17-12-6-4-3-5-10(9)12/h3-6,8,11,17H,7,16H2,1-2H3,(H,18,19)(H,20,21)
InChI Key SHAXSXUDZJSSCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)
References
1. Frydman-Marom A, Rechter M, Shefler I, Bram Y, Shalev DE, Gazit E. (2009)
Cognitive-performance recovery of Alzheimer's disease model mice by modulation of early soluble amyloidal assemblies.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl, 48 (11): 1981-6. [PMID:19035593]
2. Pizzi E, Gornatti S, Stabilini S, Brambilla D, Mercurio CA, Russ H, Parsons CG, Mazzaniti M. (2025)
GAL-101 prevents amyloid beta-induced membrane depolarization in two different types of retinal cells.
biorxiv, Preprint. DOI: 10.1101/2025.01.21.634046
3. Rammes G, Parsons CG. (2020)
The Aβ aggregation modulator MRZ-99030 prevents and even reverses synaptotoxic effects of Aβ1-42 on LTP even following serial dilution to a 500:1 stoichiometric excess of Aβ1-42, suggesting a beneficial prion-like seeding mechanism.
Neuropharmacology, 179: 108267. [PMID:32758564]